Periodontal disease and frequency therapy

**Lexicon entry: Periodontosis** **Definition:** Periodontosis, also known as periodontitis, is an inflammatory disease of the periodontium caused by bacterial infections. It leads to destruction of the gums, the jawbone and the fibres that anchor the teeth in the jaw and can ultimately lead to tooth loss. **Causes:** Periodontitis is mainly caused by plaque, a sticky biofilm of that forms on the teeth. If plaque is not removed regularly, it can harden and form tartar, which irritates the gums and causes inflammation. Risk factors are: - Poor oral hygiene - Smoking or tobacco - Genetic predisposition - Diabetes - Hormonal changes, e.g. during pregnancy during pregnancy - Certain medications that reduce saliva flow **Symptoms:** - Redness, and bleeding of the gums - Gum recession, causing teeth to appear longer - Loosening or shifting of teeth - Persistent bad breath or bad taste in the mouth - Pus formation between gums and teeth **Diagnosis:** Diagnosis is made by a dental examination, during which the dentist assesses the condition of the gums, measures the depth of the gum pockets and takes x-rays to check for bone loss. **Treatment:** - **Professional teeth cleaning:** Removal of plaque and tartar above and below the gum line. - **Scaling and root planing:** Deep cleaning to remove from the gum pockets and smooth the root surfaces. - **Antibiotics:** To fight bacterial infection. - **Surgery:** In severe cases, to restore gum tissue or regenerate the jawbone. **Prevention:** - Regular dental care with twice daily brushing and daily flossing. - Regular dental check-ups and professional dental cleanings. - Avoiding smoking and healthy dental hygiene Avoiding smoking and eating a healthy diet to support oral health. **Find out more:** - Periodontal disease is one of the most common causes of tooth loss in adults. - Periodontal disease is also associated with systemic tooth loss The disease may also be linked to systemic health problems such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. **Research:** Research on periodontal disease is focussed on the development of new diagnostic and treatment methods, the role of genetic predisposition and the link between periodontitis and systemic diseases.